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Corona virus ku mugore utwite

Kugeza ubu nta bushakashatsi buragaragaza ko umugore utwite afite amahirwe menshi yo kwandura coronavirus ugereranyije n’abandi bantu basanzwe cyangwa ngo abe yazahazwa na yo.

Gusa ubusanzwe umugore utwite agira imihindagurikire mu miterere y’umubiri we bituma bimwongerera amahirwe yo kuba yakwandura zimwe mu ndwara ziterwa na virusi ziba mu muryango umwe n’uwa coronavirus; aha twavuga nka virusi zizwi ku izina rya rhinovirus, influenza virus n’izindi virusi zifata imyanya y’ubuhumekero, ndetse zikaba zanamuzahaza. Ni yo mpamvu umugore utwite agomba kwirinda kuba yakwandura iyi coronavirus.

Umugore utwite na we agomba kwirinda kwandura ndetse no gukwirakwiza iyi coronavirus kimwe n’abandi akaraba intoki kenshi akoresheje amazi meza ndetse n’isabune, yirinda kujya ahantu haba hari ukekwa cyangwa wanduye iyi virusi, yirinda kujya ahantu hahuriye abantu benshi, yirinda kwikora ku munwa, mu maso no ku mazuru igihe cyose atakarabye intoki n’amazi meza, yirinda kuramukanya n’abantu bahana ibiganza, agabanya ingendo zitari ngombwa, yirinda gukorora mu ruhame, ndetse igihe yitsamuye akibuka kwipfuka ku mazuru akoresheje ukuboko.

Kugeza ubu nta bushakashatsi buragaragaza niba umugore utwite wanduye coronavirus ashobora kuyanduza umwana; yaba amutwite cyangwa amubyara.

Kwita ku isuku mu gihe cy’imihango

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko 52% y’abatuye isi ari abagore; 26% muri bo bari mu cyiciro cy’uburumbuke, ni ukuvuga ko buri kwezi bajya mu mihango hagati y’iminsi 2 na 7. N’ubwo bimeze gutya, henshi mu mpande z’isi, kujya mu mihango bifatwa nk’icyasha ku gitsina gore aho usanga hamwe mu bihugu umugore cyangwa umukobwa uri mu mihango aba atemerewe kujya ku ishuri, mu rusengero, kurarana n’abandi, ndetse ugasanga hari n’imwe mu mirimo atemerewe gukora.

Ahenshi usanga umugore mu gihe cy’imihango atabasha kubona iby’ingenzi akeneye byamufasha kwita ku isuku neza; aha twavuga nk’amazi meza, udutambaro tw’isuku two kwibinda, isabune, ndetse n’ahantu h’ubwiherero habugenewe yakwifashisha.

Hari amoko menshi y’ibikoresho byifashishwa mu kwibinda mu gihe cy’imihango; aha twavuga udutambaro dusanzwe, udutambaro tudoze dukorwa n’inganda — haba utwo bakoresha bakajugunya benshi bakunze kwita cotex cyangwa utumeswa, hari kandi n’udukombe twabugenewe twifashishwa.

Mu byo uba ugomba kwitaho mu gihe cy’imihango harimo kwambara igikoresho cyo kwibinda ndetse n’umwenda w’imbere bisa neza kandi ukibuka kubihindura buri masaha atandatu byibura, kugira isuku y’umubiri ukaraba byibura kabiri ku munsi kandi ugakaraba mu myanya ndangagitsina ukoresheje amazi meza, kumesa neza umwenda ukoresha wibinda igihe umeswa ukibuka kuwanika ku zuba, kwihanagura uvuye mu bwiherero — uhanagura uvana imbere ujyana inyuma kugirango wirinde kuba washyira imyanda mu myanya ndangagitsina, kwirinda gutizanya na bagenzi bawe agatambaro wibindisha, ndetse no kujugunya agatambaro ukoresha ahabugenewe.

Ni byiza kwita ku isuku mu gihe cy’imihango kugirango twirinde zimwe mu ngaruka zaterwa no kugira isuku nke harimo nk’uburwayi.

Impinduka ku mubiri uva mu bwana ujya mu bwangavu ndetse n’ubugimbi

Ubwangavu n’ubugimbi ni ikigero abakobwa n’abahungu bageramo maze imibiri yabo igahinduka; harimo kwiyongera ibiro, uburebure n’ibindi.

Umukobwa ugeze mu bwangavu ashobora gusama, naho umuhungu ugeze mu bugimbi ashobora gutera inda. Ibi bibaho bitewe n’uko umubiri ukora imisemburo mishya akaba ari yo itera impinduka mu mubiri, uwari umwana agahinduka umuntu mukuru.

Ubwangavu muri rusange butangira hagati y’imyaka 8 na 13, naho ubugimbi bugatangira hagati y’imyaka 10 na 15. Gusa bishobora kuba mbere cyangwa nyuma y’iyi myaka bitewe n’umubiri w’umuntu.

Impinduka zibaho ku bahungu mu gihe cy’ubugimbi harimo: gutangira kugira ijwi rinize, kuzana ubwanwa, kuyaga kw’uruhu no kuba yazana ibiheri mu maso, kumera ubwoya ku gitsina (insya), ku maguru, mu gituza, mu maso, mu maha; amabere aramera akabyimba kandi agatonekara, kugara igituza n’intugu, akiyongera ibiro n’uburebure, kuzana ibyuya no guhinduka kw’impumuro y’umubiri, gutangira kwiroteraho no gushyukwa, kwiyongera kw’ibice ndangagitsina — urugero: imboro n’amabya, guhinduka mu byiyumviro — urugero amarangamutima, kurakazwa n’utuntu duto, no kugira ibyifuzo ku bijyanye n’imibonano mpuzabitsina.

Impinduka zibaho ku bakobwa harimo: kuzana amabere akabyimba kandi agatonekara, kujya mu mihango, kuyaga kw’uruhu no kuba yarwara ibiheri mu maso, kwiyongera kw’ubwoya bwo ku gitsina (insya), bwo ku maguru, n’ubwo mu maha; amatako aragara, ibiro n’uburebure bikiyongera, ibyuya biriyongera kandi umubiri ugahindura impumuro, ijwi riniga gato, hakabaho no guhinduka mu byiyumviro — harimo amarangamutima ku bo badahuje igitsina.

Ni ibintu bisanzwe kuba umwana yajya mu bugimbi cyangwa ubwangavu mbere cyangwa nyuma, hagati y’imyaka 8 na 14.

Muhanga: Umugore ntabwo yasigaye inyuma mu kwishakamo ubwisungane mu kwivuza

Ubwisungane mu kwivuza ni umwe muri gahunda za Leta itangwa hagendewe ku byiciro by’ubudehe mu rwego rwo kurinda abaturage kurembera mu rugo; abagore na bo basabwa kugaragaza uruhare rwabo muri iyi gahunda igamije iterambere ry’igihugu mu kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza.

Abagore bo mu Karere ka Muhanga baganira n’Itangazamakuru bavuze ko hari byinshi bibafasha mu kwigurira ubwisungane mu kwivuza (mutuelle de santé) harimo kwizigama mu bimina ndetse no kujya mu matsinda atandukanye.

Uwizeye Gaudance wo mu Murenge wa Shyongwe yagize ati “ino aha dufite gahunda nyinshi zo kwizigama kandi bigendeye ku bushobozi bwa buri wese, kuko duhera ku giceri cy’ijana kuzamura, iyo rero uri mu kimina, uri mu bwizigame bukorerwa mu kagoroba k’ababyeyi no mu zindi gahunda zo kwizigamira ntabwo wananirwa kwigurira ubwisungane kuko n’iyo igihe kigeze utarayabona itsinda rirakuguriza ukabasha kugenda wishyura buhoro buhoro.”

Avuga ko akenshi usanga abagore ari bo bahangayikishwa cyane no kugirango umuryango ubone ubwisungane kuko iyo hari urwaye ni bo bigiraho ingaruka nyinshi mu kumurwaza.

Nyiraminani Alexia we n’umuryango we ugizwe n’umugabo n’abana batanu, akora umwuga wo kuboha agaseke, avuga ko kuboha agaseke bibafasha mu gukenura urugo, ati: “nk’ubu nunganira utwo umugabo aba yabonye tukabasha kugura ubwisungane mu kwivuza bwacu ndetse n’ubw’aba bana mureba, twe nk’umuryango dufata iya mbere mu kwishyura kuko n’iyo twayabuze twitabaza ikimina mbamo, kikatuguruza, tukabasha kwishyura kuko ni gahunda yaje ikenewe idufasha guhabwa ubuvuzi mu buryo bworoshye.”

Akomeza ajyira inama abagore bagifite imyumvire y’uko umugabo ari we ubaha byose, ko bakura amaboko mu mifuka bagahera ku tuntu duto duto, bagahura n’abandi, kugirango na bo bishakemo iterambere ryabo n’iry’umuryango by’umwihariko.

Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Muhanga Beatrice Uwamaliya avuga ko umugore azigama cyane ku buryo kwishyura ubwisungane abigiramo uruhare rugaragara; ati “burya muri kwa kuba mu rugo cyane no kumva ko ari nyina w’umuntu, kwa kumva ko ari we ugomba kubona ibyo atanga, ibyo agabura, afite ukuntu abika cyane cyane ateganyiriza ahazaza, muri mutuelle rero buriya akenshi iyo umugore azi ko yasamye inda cyangwa afite akana gato ni we ufata iya mbere akavuga ngo tugomba kubanza kugura Mutuelle n’umugabo aba abizi, iyo ari mu kimina, mu mashyirahamwe, mu matsinda se, arasa ku ntego bakabanza kuri iyo mutuelle.”

Yongeraho ko mutuelle itakagombye gusiganirwa, akaba ari imwe mu mpamvu bahozaho inyigisho, mu mwaka barangije w’imihigo bari ku kigero hafi 90%, ariko baba barahize kugera ku 100% n’ubwo usanga hari utugari tumwe na tumwe tuba twaragejeje 100%.

Itegeko rishya riteganya ko buri munyamuryango uzishyura ubwisungane mbere yo gutangira umwaka, uwishuye hagati y’ukwezi kwa Nyakanga n’ukwa Nzeri bazaba bafite amahirwe yo kuba bakenera service z’ubuvuzi bagahita bivuza. Ubu kugirango wivuze bisaba kuba ufite Indangamuntu yawe cyangwa ikarita ya Mituweli ndetse na nimero y’umukuru w’umuryango.

Saidath Murorunkwere

Kosmos Magazine

Kamonyi: Abagore mu guteza imbere ibikorerwa mu Rwanda

Gahunda ya Leta yo kwihangira imirimo hitabwa cyane ku bikorerwa iwacu, iragenda ifata intera hirya no hino mu gihugu, mu karere ka Kamonyi na ho ntibasigaye inyuma by’umwihariko abagore kuko usanga bayigaragaramo haba mu byambarwa, mu bikoresho by’ubwubatsi, mu mitako n’ibindi.

Niyonizeye Donatila wo mu Murenge wa Musambira akora umurimo w’ubudozi yibanda cyane ku bikorerwa iwacu, (Made in Rwanda), aganira n’Itangazamakuru yavuze ko abagabo bamwe na bamwe baca intege abo babana ati “iyo ufite umutware mubana agushyigikiye igihe cyose urakora bikemera ariko iyo atagushyigikiye byo ntibishobora kwemera, wenda hari nk’abantu bitinya ukabona hari udashaka gukora, biriya ni ugusubiza inyuma urugo rwe, burya inshuro nyinshi abagore ni twe tuzamura ingo zacu kandi ni twe tumenya ibikenewe kurusha abagabo, umugabo n’iyo yaba ahembwa menshi akaguha amafaranga, ariko burya aguha amafaranga gusa ntaba azi icyo uri bugure, twe ni twe tugomba kumenya ibikenewe kuko umugore ni we umenya ibiteza imbere urugo.”

Akomeza avuga ko kudashaka icyo ukora ku mugore uba usubiza inyuma urugo rwawe kandi ni wowe uba wihemukiye, ati “natangiye nta n’imashini mfite nkodesha mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu ngura iyo nakodeshaka ibimbi 50. Ndakomeza ndakora abakiriya bagenda baboneka mva ku rubaraza, nkodesha inzu ntangira gukora njyenyine.” yongeraho ko ubu amaze kwigurira imashini zigera kuri 5, yishyurira mutuelle umuryango we ndetse akanatanga akazi.

Asoza ajyira inama abagore bagenzi be bacyitinya ko nibatinyuka kwinjira mu kintu bakakijyamo kandi bakagikunda Imana izabasangamo kandi ibaheremo umugisha, ndetse n’abana babo bibafashe gukura bakunda umurimo.

Abagore bamaze kwibumbira mu ma Koperative na bo bavuga ko ibikorerwa mu Rwanda bimaze kubateza imbere kandi ko bashimira cyane Leta y’u Rwanda yabashishikarije gukura amaboko mu mifuka, bakamenya guteganyiriza ejo hazaza habo ndetse n’ah’umuryango by’umwihariko.

Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Kamonyi Kayitesi Alice avuga ko mu Karere ayoboye ibikorerwa mu Rwanda byagiye bikorwa by’umwihariko bihereye ku ma koperative y’abagore ndetse n’urubyiruko.

Ati: “ubu dufite amakoperative y’abadamu akora ibijyanye n’ububumbyi, cyangwa se gukora imitako n’ibindi bikoresho bikorwa mu ibumba, ayo makoperative turayafite mu Murenge wa Rukoma ndetse no mu Murenge wa Runda muri Kagina, dufite kandi n’abadamu batandukanye bagiye bibumbiye mu matsinda n’amashyirahamwe atari mu makoperative akomeye, bagenda bakora ibituruka ku myambaro, ibituruka ku mpu, harimo inkweto imikandara, n’ibikapu, ndetse dufite n’umwihariko w’amabuye, dufite ibuye ryitwa urugarika, harimo abajene cyagwa se urubyiruko batangiye kuyabyaza umusaruro, bakoramo amakaro, umucanga , amavaze, ibibindi, ndetse no kugera ku rwego rw’amasahani n’ibikombe.”

Yongeraho ko nk’uko gahunda ya Leta ari ugukomeza kongera imbaraga mu guteza imbere ibikorerwa iwacu na bo bakomeza kuba hafi aya makoperative no gushishikariza abayarimo gukora byinshi kurushaho!

Mu mwaka wa 2015 ni bwo Leta y’u Rwanda yatangije ubukangurambaga bugamije guteza imbere ibikorerwa mu Rwanda na Politiki zihamye z’ubuziranenge bwabyo kugirango bigire agaciro ku masoko yo mu Rwanda n’ayo hanze. Ibi byafashije igihugu kugabanya icyuho kiri hagati y’ibyo u Rwanda rutumiza mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwayo.

Saidath Murorunkwere

Kosmos Magazine

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